Sonnet 84

Shakespeare. Sonnet 1

«Who is it that says most? which can say more
Than this rich praise, that you alone are you?».
 

The poet offers advice — while criticizing the rival poet — to any writer who wishes to achieve true poetry: Copying and interpreting nature are necessary for art, but lavishly ornamenting nature creates false art.

Sonnet 84
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Who is it that says most? which can say more
Than this rich praise, that you alone are you?
In whose confine immured is the store
Which should example where your equal grew.
Lean penury within that pen doth dwell
That to his subject lends not some small glory;
But he that writes of you, if he can tell
That you are you, so dignifies his story,
Let him but copy what in you is writ,
Not making worse what nature made so clear,
And such a counterpart shall fame his wit,
Making his style admired every where.
You to your beauteous blessings add a curse,
Being fond on praise, which makes your praises worse.

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For this reason, no distortion of the youth’s beauty describes him. The poet need only tell the simple truth to flatter the youth best: “Let him but copy what in you is writ, / Not making worse what nature made so clear.”

Criticizing the young man’s addiction to praise as a mark of bad taste, the poet censures his friend for succumbing to the rival poet’s glorification of him, which he says is merely prattle and therefore does the youth no good. The poet makes clear that the youth perpetuates the rival poet’s false art: “You to your beauteous blessings add a curse, / Being fond on praise, which makes your praises worse.” Clearly love does not distort the poet’s judgment; his reproving the young man establishes his own independent spirit, which heretofore has been sadly lacking.

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Credits

English audio from YouTube Channel Socratica

Summary from Cliffsnotes.com

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